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RGB and CMYK: A Color Format Guide for Label Printing

⚞ The Highlights:

What’s the difference between RGB and CMYK? RGB uses red, green, and blue light for digital displays, while CMYK uses cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks for printing.
When designing product labels, it’s important to create artwork in CMYK so the printed colors match your intended design, rather than relying on RGB, which is meant for screens.
Because a label can look different on-screen than in print, it’s important to use a color management system for accurate RGB-to-CMYK conversions and to check a physical proof before finalizing the design.

Color plays a crucial role in your product’s look and brand identity. But if you’re planning to print labels, it’s not enough to pick colors you like on screen and hope they’ll print the same way. We want to help you understand how RGB and CMYK impact your final labels so you can maintain brand consistency and avoid costly reprints.

Below, we’ll break down the basics of RGB and CMYK, show you how different substrates and printing methods can affect your colors, and give you practical tips on proofing.

Label printing experts reviewing color options for a product.

Which Color Format Is Right for Your Labels?

The most important question is: Will this design live on a screen or as a physical print?

If you’re creating designs for phones, computer monitors, or TV, you’ll use RGB (Red, Green, Blue).

But if you need to print product labels, brochures, or other physical materials, you’ll want to use CMYK (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black).

Using the wrong format can lead to inaccurate color. We’ve seen it happen: you settle on the perfect color in RGB, then it looks dull or washed out when converted to CMYK for print. That mismatch could lead to you paying for multiple reprints if you’re not careful.

A Quick Look at RGB vs. CMYK

What is RBG?

RGB is an additive color system that builds colors by adding together different intensities of red, green, and blue light on a black backdrop. If you set each color channel to its highest intensity, you’ll get white light on a screen. It’s great for web graphics and other digital media because it produces a wide range of vibrant colors.

What is CMYK?

CMYK, on the other hand, uses subtractive mixing. Here, you’re printing overlapping layers of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black ink onto a surface. That surface is typically white paper (though it could be clear or metallic, which complicates things a bit). As you add more ink, you subtract the amount of white space that’s showing through—leading to a final color. Equal amounts of CMYK ideally produce a rich black.

Label printing experts reviewing RGB vs CMYK color results.

Why the Right Color Mode Matters for Your Labels

Avoiding Costly Reprints

Over the years, we’ve worked with multiple brands who have sent us RGB files for labels. The problem is, this often triggers an automatic conversion to CMYK, which can dull or shift colors.

Sometimes printers can’t match specific RGB hues at all. When you’re ordering thousands of labels, those surprises can mean wasted time, extra expenses, and possible reprints.

If you’re working with a designer, ask them to set your file in CMYK from the start if you’re printing labels. Double-check your color profiles, too. We recommend requesting a proof (physical, if possible) so you can see exactly how the colors will turn out before printing a large run.

According to the Smithers report, “The Future of Digital Print for Packaging to 2026,” 41% of brand owners rate color consistency as their top challenge when adopting new or short-run printing technologies.

This really shows why it’s so crucial to set things up in CMYK from the start.

Materials and Finishes Affect Color

Another key factor is the substrate you’re printing on.

White paper will show off color differently than a metallic or clear film. A glossy laminate can make colors pop, whereas a matte finish can soften them.

According to industry experts—like the team at Labels & Labeling—metallic materials can shift your colors by around 10–15% compared to white stock because of the way they reflect light. (This figure can vary based on ink type, printer calibration, and the specific substrate brand.)

This is why it’s a good idea to test or request samples if you’re not sure.

Ensuring Brand Consistency Across SKUs

If you have multiple products, consistency is everything. Maybe you have a seasonal craft beer, a flagship IPA, and a limited-edition stout, all featuring the same shade of teal on their labels. When you’re managing multiple SKUs, it’s easy for slight color variations to pop up if you’re not careful—especially if you’re switching printers or label materials.

Here’s what we’ve found works best:

Maintaining a master color profile for your brand. (This is your “source of truth,” usually an ICC profile or Pantone reference that you share with designers and printers so everyone has the same baseline for color accuracy.)
Printers can use color management systems to ensure consistent brand colors across SKUs and print jobs by calibrating equipment, applying ICC profiles, and measuring color accuracy, preventing variations across materials, lighting conditions, and production runs.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Forgetting to Convert Color Mode: Always switch to CMYK if you plan to print. Relying on last-minute conversions by your printer could lead to dull or inaccurate results.
Skipping Physical Proofs: Colors on your monitor aren’t always reliable. A physical proof or press check reveals how inks interact with your chosen substrate. (A press check is typically an in-person review where you or your representative watch the job run on press, confirming final color matches your expectations.)
Not Accounting for Substrate Color: Metallic, clear, or even kraft paper labels can shift your final color more than you’d think. Test them out!
Ignoring Brand Consistency Over Time: If you have multiple product lines, confirm that each run matches your brand guidelines—especially if you switch printers or label stocks.

Work with a Printing Company That Understands Color

If you’re ready to print labels that truly pop, we’d love to help. Our team at Blue Label works with you to guide you through the entire printing process—from choosing the right materials and color profiles to providing recommendations that fit your budget. We’ll hop on a quick call to learn about your label project, talk through your design and substrate ideas, and figure out how to nail the colors. After that, we’ll send you a proof so you know exactly what to expect before going to print.

Contact Blue Label today to talk to one of our experts about full-color label printing for your next project. We’re here to make sure your colors match your vision every time.

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Common Label Mistakes to Avoid: Art File Issues

Before a label is made, it starts off as art file. Label printing companies need these files to turn your design into a physical product, so it’s important to have everything in place to set your label project up for success.

An art file contains much more than just your design. Each file needs to include important details and meet certain guidelines so your finished labels look just like your design. As a result, one overlooked file standard can lead to potential problems with your label. Here’s a rundown of the most common issues that can affect your art files.

It’s in the Wrong File Format

Before you get too far, make sure that you’re using the right file format for your printer. Print companies have preferred file formats so that they can take your file and turn it into labels. At Blue Label, we require Adobe Illustrator files or High-resolution PDFs from Photoshop, so make sure to ask your label printer what files they need (if they haven’t told you already). Companies can often accept PDFs made through other software, but it’s best to ask questions or send over art files beforehand to make sure they are compatible with the commercial printing presses used to produce your packaging.

The Images are Blurry

Blurry images are the bane of a good design’s existence. When possible, use vector images in your art file so that they can be resized without worry. Vector-based artwork uses mathematical calculations to create lines and shapes that allow these graphic to look the same even if you zoom in on the file. You can make vector images in Illustrator
If this isn’t an option, you should be fine with pixel-based images if they’re a high enough resolution. Whether you use vector or pixel-based images, they should be a minimum of 300 DPI, although 600 DPI or more is preferable if possible.

A digital printing expert reviewing an art file for a product label.

The File is Too Big

Art files tend to get rather big if you’re not careful. Large file sizes can make it difficult to transfer the file to the printing press. That means it’s best to try and manage file size before yours becomes too big.

Images are the main reason for a hefty art file. Pixel-based images, such as .jpg, .gif, and .png files, are larger than vector-based images in terms of file size, so too much pixel-based artwork will bog down your file. You should also embed or link pixel-based images in your file. Embedded images are kept in the art file, which can contribute more to the overall file size. Linked images are saved outside the file and can save space if you also share the original image files with your printer.

There are some other tricks to reduce image and file size in Illustrator, including playing with raster effects and file cleanup resources. You can learn more about these methods and the processes for linking and embedding images in our guide on managing file size.

The Colors are Wrong

It’s imperative that your art file uses the right color format. Digital printing requires CMYK, which is comprised of four colors – Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black (Key) – with additional hues that allow best-in-class printing presses to attain up to 98 percent of the Pantone spectrum. The RGB color model is designed for use on electronic displays like computer monitors and phone screens, but not for print. This means that you’ll want to use the CMYK model to make sure that your colors come through the way they should on your labels.

If you have a specific color in mind, it’s important to call it out using the Pantone Matching System. This will allow the printer to look up the exact color code and match the exact shade your brand requires. To learn more about using the Pantone Matching System and different color profiles, check out our digital printing color guide.

The Dieline Doesn’t Incorporate Bleed or a Safe Zone

Your art file not only needs to include your design, it also needs a dieline. As much as printing companies try to make exact cuts for every single label, there is a chance of some slight variation. The dieline should consist of three separate lines to prepare for this potential variation:

A main dieline that maps out the intended cut of the final design
A bleed area to ensure that there are no accidental white spaces
A safe zone to protect design elements

The purpose of the main dieline is simple: to show exactly where a die is supposed to cut a label. The bleed space is an extension of the background of the design to eliminate any off-putting white spaces if the cut isn’t exact. This bleed area should be at least 1/8” around all sides of your design.

The safe zone is also designed to provide wiggle room, this time creating a space in your design so that any essential elements – type, logos, etc. – aren’t too close to the dieline. The safe zone should allow for 1/16” of space between the dieline and any elements. You can see an example of a complete dieline with all three components below.

A sample dieline for a product label.

The Text isn’t Outlined

A good design is more than just images – even a minimalist label design is bound to include a few words. To ensure that these words print correctly, it’s important that you have the font outlined in your art file before you send it over to a printing company.

Outlining fonts is critical because it takes each letter and turns it into an image. This practice eliminates the need for font software and files. It also offers a few key benefits, such as making it easier to create custom type tailoring, adding color treatments to parts of characters, and making type heavier for production purposes. For guidance on how to convert font to outlines, check out our font preparation guide.

Find a Label Printing Company That Works with You

A good art file plays a big role in the production of your product labels, but it’s not always easy to figure out exactly what to do to make sure your art file is ready for its close-up. At Blue Label, we do more than just print your labels; we work with your company to guide you through the printing process and assist you from start to finish. Whether you have art file questions, need to identify the right label materials, or want to know more about our printing capabilities for your products, we put in the time to understand your needs and help along the way.

Ready to turn your design into the perfect labels for your products? Contact Blue Label today to talk to one of our experts about your project.